Fractures - Osteosynthesis

The term bone fracture refers to the breaking or cracking that occurs in the bone and/or cartilage following the application of more pressure than it can withstand. Although in the majority of cases the fracture is caused by a strong impact, there are certain conditions that can lead to loss of bone mass and consequently to pathological fractures.

Osteosynthesis is the process of holding together the parts of a bone after a fracture or other cause, with the appropriate materials, also called osteosynthesis materials. Osteosynthesis can be divided into internal and external. In internal osteosynthesis, the materials are placed in contact with the bone, while in external osteosynthesis the holding frame is placed externally, i.e. outside the soft tissues and skin, and wires or needles are attached to it to hold the bone fragments together.Osteosynthesis is divided into internal and external.

Fracture fixation and the use of plates, screws, screws, wires or other special materials helps to stabilize the cut or damaged parts of the bone, preventing movement that could cause further damage or prevent proper healing. The stability and wound healing assistance provided by osteosynthesis allows the cut bone fragments to heal properly and quickly regain their original structure.The surgical methods of osteosynthesis and the restoration of normal anatomy allow the surgeon to place the cut and damaged bone fragments in their normal position.

Surgical methods used in osteosynthesis include the use of plates, screws, wires, wires, nails and other special instruments. The choice of the appropriate method depends on many factors, such as the type of fracture, the affected area, the age of the patient, and other health factors.

External osteosynthesis is a technique used in orthopaedics to stabilize and repair fractures through an external mechanism. This method involves the use of devices that are placed outside the body to support and maintain proper bone position during the healing process.

External osteosynthesis is often used in cases where there are multiple or complex fractures that require stability and the conditions of the fracture site make it difficult or dangerous to perform internal osteosynthesis.There are injuries that involve soft tissue issues or those that may become infected.

External osteosynthesis involves the use of various devices, screws or tubers are used that are inserted into the bone through the skin and attached to an external skeleton or frame that provides support.

These are special devices that build up around the bone and provide controlled support during healing; still allowing direct access to the fracture for monitoring and changes and reduced risk of infection in some cases, as biological contact with the inside of the body is limited and the ability to control the anatomy and alignment of the bone is also possible.
Following the application of external osteosynthesis, the recovery process includes medication to manage pain and inflammation and physiotherapy to restore mobility and strength to the limb.

Internal osseointegration involves placing materials directly on or within the bone to stabilize the fracture.

These materials may be plates, screws and other special components. The placement of these materials can be done either on the surface of the bone or within the lumen of the bone. In the case of superficial internal fixation, plates and screws are placed superficially on the fracture site, providing stability and easier monitoring; in the case of intramedullary ossification, materials, usually nails, are placed within the lumen of the bone to stabilize it.